Human Capital Development in Malaysia

Human Capital Development in Malaysia The investigation means to investigate the Human Capital Development in Malaysia: Challenges and Prospects. In tenth Malaysia Plan, Federal Government is more spotlight on non-physical turn of events (Human Capital Development). It shows that the proportion of designation on non-physical undertakings and physical tasks has changed from 22:78 during the ninth Malaysia Plan to 40:60 in the tenth Malaysia Plan. Because of the move in distribution, we will assess the past exhibition of the ninth Malaysia Plan to the improvement of human capital turn of events and whether the past presentation can influence the abrupt move to the non-physical tasks in tenth Malaysia Plan. From that point onward, we will examine further about the difficulties looking by human capital turn of events and its potential arrangements. Additionally, we are likewise center around the arrangements executed, the effects and furthermore the future headings because of the augmentation of the human capital turn of eve nts. Catchphrases: Human Capital Development, Challenges and Prospects, Past Performance of Human Capital Development, Policies, Impacts, Future Directions. 2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT Human capitals allude to the procedures that identified with the instruction, preparing and other expert activities so as to improve or expand the degree of information, aptitudes, capacities, qualities and social resources. Non-physical activities are alluding to the human capital turn of events or aptitudes improvement. Instances of non-physical activities are activities to upgrade calling engaging quality and improve educator execution, RD speculations, expertise and re-skilling customized, adventure financing outfitted and supporting of technopreneurs. Human capital improvement is getting more extensive consideration because of the globalization. Creating nation is more accentuation on the advancement of human capital towards quickening the financial development by investing more amounts of energy on it. Therefore, human capital improvement is assuming a significant job in Malaysian economy. Malaysia has all the earmarks of being stuck in the center pay trap. It will be a test for Malaysia to accomplish its Vision 2020 by the objective year. One of the explanation behind Malaysia neglected to escape from the snare is Malaysia incapable to contend with other nation, for example, Taiwan and South Korea. For Taiwan, it has been distinguished as one of the quickest developing economies for as long as 50 years and its improvement likewise has been regarded as financial supernatural occurrence. Taiwan is notable for its high innovation ventures in the course of recent decades. It has been recognized has the fourth biggest data equipment and semiconductor ventures on the planet by and by. Additionally, the high caliber and inventive items that make from Taiwan are sold around the world. Different reasons are Malaysia is absence of talented laborers. We can't pull in talented outsiders to our nation while gifted Malaysians are leaving. On the off chance that we contrasted and those propelled nations, for example, Norway and Switzerland, both of these nations are more spotlight on sustaining exceptionally talented HR as opposed to costly super ventures. Be that as it may, the improvement of human capital in Malaysia isn't too settled as these nations. For what reason does this marvel happen? This may happened as a result of a portion of the reasons, for example, the past organization are more spotlight on the costly super activities that causes the human asset improvement plot neglected to create. Also, Malaysia is absence of talented workforce and Malaysia expectation can be progressively gainful and creative. Subsequently, it can clarify that why the administration will abrupt move the assignment for non-physical tasks from the proportion of 22:78 during ninth Malaysia Plan to 40:60 during tenth Malaysia Plan. 3.0 OBJECTIVES We will talk about the six primary targets in our exploration paper. Above all else, we will assess the past exhibition of the ninth Malaysia Plan to the improvement of human capital. It is to guarantee that whether the dedication, yields and the normal results during the ninth Malaysia Plan can influence the move in designation for the non-physical ventures (human capital turn of events). Furthermore, we need to decide the variables that cause the augmentation assignment for the non-physical activities. We realize that from the past organization wherein the administration is more spotlight on the costly uber ventures, yet our nation is as yet stuck in the center salary. We are presently in the basic point; the legislature before long understands that to change Malaysia into a high salary and create nation, the improvement of the human capital is assuming a significant job. Other than that, we need to distinguish the difficulties looking by human capital turn of events. We are either staying in the center salary gathering or advance to a high-pay economy. To doing as such, we have to change and look for arrangements in tending to the worldwide financial difficulties and locate its potential arrangements. Besides, the investigation is going to discover the strategies executed for the advancement of human capital. System must be come out and execute to improve the human capital advancement in Malaysia. At long last, the examination is expect to discover the effects because of the addition of the human capital improvement to the development of Malaysian economy and it is additionally need to recognize the future bearings of the advancement of human capital in Malaysia. 4.0 METHODOLOGY In our examination, we alluded to Secondary Data. Our information had been taken in insights for gifted human capital, diaries, articles and web sources. One of the case of the materials we alluded are the insights of the gifted human capital during the ninth Malaysia Plan by Ministry of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource, Ministry of Youth and Sports and Construction Industry Development Board. Additionally, we are likewise alluded to the Nine Malaysian Plan (2006-2010) and Tenth Malaysian Plan (2011-2015). 5.0 Literature Review In Malaysia, beginning from Ninth Malaysia Plan, development ability was given consideration. The improvement of human capital is significant in creating the financial exhibition in one nation. There is a positive linkage between advancement of human capital and development of Malaysia. Numerous examinations had discovered that human capital influences numerous perspectives at all level. Dension (1962) and Schultz (1961) express that human capital can build a people compensation, firms efficiency and thus increment the development of national economy. Other than that, Vinokur et al., (2000) additionally call attention to that the work rate will increment because of the advancement of human capital. Lepak and Snell (1999) locate that firm can fortify center ability and relative points of interest through improvement of human capital. Aurora Teixeira Natercia Fortuna (2003) likewise affirm that human capital and indigenous advancement endeavors are massively critical to the procedure of Portuguese financial development during the period 1960-2001, through the R D. Then again, in a roundabout way, through inventive and advancement capacity, demonstrating that improvement of human capital is essential to empower a nation to pick up the advantages. Ransack A. Wilson and Geoff Briscoe (2004) in their report on professional preparing research in Europe: An audit of the effect of human capital on monetary development center around increment of interest in instruction preparing will prompt higher efficiency. The connection between the interest in human capital and monetary execution are looked into through human asset the board, etc. In our examination paper, we will audit on the difficulties and prospect of the improvement of human capital. Other than that, we likewise will concentrate on the effect of the improvement of human capital on the present moment and long haul development of Malaysia. We concede that there are a few difficulties later on, yet by and large, the effect on interest in instruction and preparing on monetary development is certain and noteworthy. A few arrangements are attracted to accomplish the objective. The heading for future likewise anticipated. 6.0 INTRODUCTION Human capitals allude to the procedures that identified with the instruction, preparing and other expert activities so as to improve or expand the degree of information, aptitudes, capacities, qualities and social resources. Since autonomous in 1957, the monetary exercises of the nation relied upon the items, for example, elastic and tin in which it is assuming a significant job for the financial development of the nation. Under the twenty years plan which begins from 1970-1990, the financial of the nation demonstrated a steady development from being a horticulture based economy in1970s to mechanical based economy in 1980s. Because of the industrialization, the administration before long understands that human capitals in the mechanical division are the primary driving variable for the countrys monetary development. Accordingly, the administration started to build up the HR so as to keep up monetary development and remain the opposition in the worldwide market. Human capital is getting accentuation since from the first Malaysia Plan until the tenth Malaysia Plan which is the latest beginning from 2011-2015. For instance, Malaysias Eighth Development Plan accentuates on moving the development of the economy from the info driven economy towards information driven economy. Additionally, it is likewise concentrating on expanding the profitability and effectiveness through HR improvement, expanding RD just as using the most recent advances particularly data correspondence advances (ICT). Besides, Ninth Malaysia Plan has set interests in human capital as the primary purpose of its system. The point of the ninth Malaysia Plan is so as to build up the proficiency and capable workforce in this way can upgrade the national profitability and development. In spite of the fact that the administration is putting accentuation on the improvement of human capital, Malaysia despite everything can't progress to a high-pay economy. Malaysia despite everything stuck in the center pay trap and it will be a test for Malaysia its Vision 2020 by the objective year. Under the

Community Development and Youth Work

Question: Examine the issues in the kid, important hypothetical ideas and hierarchical help? Answer: A kid needs total consideration and direction from nature. The consideration and bolster that a youngster gets in the beginning period encourages the person to turn into an effective youth. When a kid doesn't get the necessary measure of assets in the adolescence, it will influence the individual later on. The report will illuminate a contextual analysis where a fifteen-year-old kid is denied of the affection and care of the guardians. The report will break down the case and decide the practices that could have helped in the advancement of the kid. Issues in the youngster The principle issue that Jamie could look later on is building up a decent profession. During the adolescence, he isn't getting the specific measure of care and bolster that he ought to get from the guardians. His dad isn't with them and his mom is intellectually sick. Thus, there is an absence of an individual in the family, who could have helped Jamie in choosing what's to come. Nonetheless, Jamie goes to the adolescent club, partakes in the school sports and has a gathering of companions. Because of the social commitment, Jamie can escape the discouraging conditions at home. The direction of the guardians is required for the advancement of the vocation of an individual. Jamie is a little fellow who is in his puberty. Youthfulness is the touchy period for an individual as it is the point at which an individual experiences different mental and physical changes (Heywood 2013). What's more, the procedure of subjective learning creates in this stage. Along these lines, it was significa nt for Jamie to get a decent direction from school just as from family. The family more likely than not showed him the significance of affection and care as it causes the kid to create. The affection and care that an individual gets from the family helps in subjective improvement in a kid. The kid learns the importance of family, which later causes the individual to build up his own family later on (David and Weinstein 2013). As Jamie has seen that his dad has left the family, he may likewise rehash similar activities when he will grow up and start a family. As such, the demonstration of numbness will win in the general public and the eventual fate of a kid will consistently be under the billows of uncertainty. Pertinent hypothetical ideas The circumstance of Jamie can be identified with the psychological improvement hypothesis as introduced by Jean (Piaget 1976). Jean Piaget has clarified that a youngster can be portrayed as a little researcher who get the hang of everything that the individual in question is finding in nature. Much the same as a researcher conclude the induction via completing the examination and after a progression of perception, a youngster likewise sees what is happening around the individual and afterward builds up a thought regarding the earth where the individual lives. The issues that have been talked about on account of Jamie shows are the absence of direction from his folks. His dad has left them and his mom isn't well. In an age when the guardians ought to have dealt with the youngster, the kid talking care of the weak mother. It may happen that through the experience, Jamie assembles a thought of taking care of the guardians, adoring them and thinking about them, be that as it may, it may happen that things turn out something else (Sun and Shek 2012). While figuring out how to think about individuals Jamie may figure out how to be uninformed like his dad (Sun and Shek 2012). As his dad has left them, he may build up the sentiment of numbness and leave his significant other and kids while he begins the families along these lines, it is significant for a youngster to get a legitimate realizing when he is growing up. A solid family foundation and legitimate and support from the family will assist a kid with learning about the greater obligations and the youngster will be set up for any antagonistic conditions throughout everyday life (Christens and Peterson 2012). Authoritative help Numerous associations just as experts give assistance to the youngsters just as the guardians of the kids to assist them with building up a sound youth. The Council for Professional Recognition gives preparing to the educators who could help being developed of the kid (Early Childhood Organizations - Council for Professional Recognition 2016). The association shows the educators that other than instructing, an instructor needs to cause the understudy to find out about nature and society where the kids create all in all. Committee for Professional Recognition targets building up a childs instead of simply showing the kid from the educational program. ASPIRA Association Inc. is another non-benefit association, which is serving for the advancement of the youngster since 1961 (Organizations Serving Children and Youth | Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) 2016). ASPIRA for the most part targets giving assets to the young who can't manage the cost of them. ASPIRA causes the young to take legitimate preparing which could help them is building up their vocation. In any case, an association can help the young by causing them to learn delicate aptitudes, which the individual can use for future purposes. The preparation will be a method of escaping the hardship of life, at the same time grow new aptitudes. The association will give the direction that the adolescent need their homes and inevitably help them to set up themselves in the expert world. End The report presumes that the intellectual learning process is significant in the advancement of a kid. A kid who isn't getting the direction of the guardians probably won't have the option to build up a vocation, as the individual isn't getting the right exhortation and backing. There are sure associations, which help in the improvement of a kid. In any case, it is suggested that an association ought to confer delicate aptitudes to an individual who is having an upset family foundation. Also the assets, the individual ought to get the preparation and direction which will be useful for the indicial to build up a profession and choose which field will be most appropriate for the individual. References Dedicates, B.D. what's more, Peterson, N.A., 2012. The job of strengthening in youth advancement: An investigation of sociopolitical control as middle person of natural frameworks effect on formative outcomes.Journal of youth and adolescence,41(5), pp.623-635. David, T.G. furthermore, Weinstein, C.S. eds., 2013.Spaces for youngsters: The constructed condition and kid advancement. Springer Science Business Media. Youth Organizations - Council for Professional Recognition. (2016). [online] Cdacouncil.org. Accessible at: https://www.cdacouncil.org/assets/find-ece-associations [Accessed 5 Mar. 2016]. Heywood, J.S., 2013.Children in Care: the improvement of the administration for the denied child(Vol. 5). Routledge. Associations Serving Children and Youth | Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC). (2016). [online] Ala.org. Accessible at: https://www.ala.org/alsc/externalrelationships/associations [Accessed 5 Mar. 2016]. Piaget, J., 1976.Piagets theory(pp. 11-23). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Sun, R.C. furthermore, Shek, D.T., 2012. Convictions later on as a positive youth advancement develop: A calculated review.The Scientific World Journal,2012. Sun, R.C. what's more, Shek, D.T., 2012. Positive youth improvement, life fulfillment and issue conduct among Chinese teenagers in Hong Kong: A replication.Social markers research,105(3), pp.541-559.

How Much Do School Psychologists Earn

How Much Do School Psychologists Earn Student Resources Careers Print How Much Do School Psychologists Earn? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on July 23, 2019 Michaela Begsteiger / Getty Images More in Student Resources Careers APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips School psychologists work in educational settings to help young people with academic, social, and emotional problems. Being a psychologist is often identified as a hot career due to expected growth in job demand in the coming years, thanks to an increased need within the educational system, as well as an expected increase in the number of psychologists retiring. In 2014, 25% of psychologists worked in schools. School Psychologist Ranks as a Top Career In 2017, U.S. News and World Report ranked school psychology as one of their 50 best careers of the year. School psychologists made their list thanks to good salaries for professionals in the field  and a strong projected job outlook. Of course, salary should never be your only consideration when selecting a career. Other factors such as quality of life, type of work, and job demand should also factor into your decision. That said, school psychology is expected to continue to grow in the coming years as the demand for psychological services in educational settings rises. According to projections by the U.S. Department of Labor, the demand for school psychologists is expected to grow by an estimated 20 percent from 2014 to 2024, which is considered much faster than the average for all other occupations. So just how much might you expect to earn each year as a school psychologist? Salaries The Occupational Outlook Handbook, published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, reports that in May 2016, psychologists employed in both private and public elementary and secondary schools earned a mean annual salary of $72,910. Specific salaries vary depending on a number of factors including geographic location and years of experience. Annual salaries tend to be higher in major  metropolitan areas, although its important to note that these areas also generally have a higher cost of living. How to Become a School Psychologist Youll need a doctorate or a specialist-level degree to become a school psychologist. After youve completed your graduate degree, youll need to become certified or licensed by the state in which you are working. Salaries Versus Other Education-Related Fields How do earnings for school psychologists compare to others employed in the field of education? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, school psychologists  average more per year than school counselors  ($54,560 average per year), elementary school teachers ($55,490 average per year), high school teachers ($58,030 average per year), and special education teachers ($57,910 average per year). Miscellaneous Statistics Other statistics regarding school psychologists from the Bureau of Labor Statistics report of May 2016: The best salaries for school psychologists were in New Jersey, South Dakota, California, New York, and Oregon.The states with the highest number of jobs for school psychologists were California, New York, Texas, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts.

In A Period Of Rebirth And Restoration Of Traditional...

In a period of rebirth and restoration of traditional speculation into something completely new, Filippo Brunelleschi flourished as an uplifting architect. He joined Romanesque conventions, with the advanced age Renaissance intuition to make another and characterized style of design. One of Brunelleschi s most powerful works, the Pazzi Chapel, plainly delineated Roman impact on engineering amid the Renaissance. The Pazzi Chapel general plan was impacted by Brunelleschi s investigation of building outlines in Rome, geometric designing, and elaborate components, for example, sections, the significance of light, and curves. The considerable planner of the Renaissance would live on being known as the man who restored Roman style in†¦show more content†¦ (Stokstad 606) Brunelleschi s failure at losing the baptistery commission may represent his choice to focus his gifts on design rather than model, however true fundamental life experiences is inadequate due to subtlety of his lif e. ( the extravagant artist kept on chiseling, yet design was the predominant string in his expert profession.) Considering this, it was unexplained Brunelleschi s sudden move from his preparation in the Gothic or medieval way to the new compositional style. Perhaps it was essentially motivated by his surroundings, since it was in this period (1402-1404) that Brunelleschi and his great companion and stone carver Donatello purportedly went by Rome to concentrate the old remains. Donatello, nine years Brunelleschi s lesser, had additionally prepared to be a goldsmith. After Brunelleschi’s preparation, he eventually worked in Lorenzo Ghiberti s studio. In times past, journalists and logicians had talked about the greatness and decay of old Rome, yet it appears that until Brunelleschi and Donatello made their journey, nobody had concentrated the physical nearness of Rome s remnants in detail. In spite of the fact that Donatello remained a stone worker, the outing appears to h ave profoundly affected Brunelleschi, and he turned firmly and convincingly to architecture over the next decade. Committed to Santa Maria del Fiore, â€Å"Lady of theShow MoreRelatedAnglo-Saxon Heroic Poetry5673 Words   |  23 PagesGermanic society. The traditional epics (also called primary epics or folk epics) were shaped by a literary artist from historical and legendary materials which had developed out of the oral traditions of his nation during a period of expansion and warfare. To this group are ascribed the Iliad and Odyssey of the Greek Homer, and the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf . The literary or secondary epics were composed by sophisticated craftsmen in deliberate imitation of the traditional form. 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Engelsk1 - 726 Words

Child raising Engelsk 1 1) The first texts is about a very strict Chinese mother of her 18-year-old girl. The essay is written by the mother’s 18-year old daughter because her mother published an essay called â€Å"Battel Hymn of the Tiger Mother†. This essay got many negative responses from the readers and the daughter explains her childhood for the readers of â€Å"The Wall Street Journal†. In the essay Sofia, the daughter of the Tiger Mother, tells about how her strict mother handled her as a child and â€Å"how Chinese parents raise such stereotypically successful kids†. This Chinese mother raised Sophia this way; if Sophia didn’t do her best her mother would say it to her. As an example, Sophia writes in the text that once she gave her†¦show more content†¦He prove a point by saying that school, parents and society wants to create these perfect wonder-kids, but not every child fit insides this box of school and perfection. He think that children should be allowed to play, have fun and create the person they want to be. 2) In the third texts, Neill tells the readers how the importins of learning isn’t for everyone. He is given the reader an example on this when he tells about a ballet boy. This boy is very talented, but in school, not so much. Neill explains in the texts that he think learning should come after playing, he make the reader understand that you don’t haft to be smart to prove a point or make your dreams come true in this world. Neill uses a lot of â€Å"we† he talks with the readers, not to the readers. He appeals to logos which you can see when he talks about the ballet boy. 3) I would say I agree with A.S. Neill. I think that children should be allowed to have fun, of course, kids should have some responsibility but you are only a kid once and that time never comes back. Many children these days are buried to their neck in homework, chores and parents blowing in the back of their heads with expectations and rules. I have always been one of the outdoor kids. Always hated school and the teacher who made me sit still. The only thing I looked forward to in school was the breaks, which always seemed to short. So many kids walk to school every day, feeling their life are passing by and they can’t

Education of the Henry Adams Free Essays

â€Å"The Education of the Henry Adams† reviews Adams’ and the United States’s education and growth during the 19th century. Adams was an old man who had Puritan beliefs about sex and religion. In this autobiography, Adams voices his skepticism about man’s newfound power to control the direction of history, in particular, the exploding world of science and technology, where all certainties of the future have vanished (anb. We will write a custom essay sample on Education of the Henry Adams or any similar topic only for you Order Now org, 1). Adams grew up in the United Stated where he was a Puritan. Puritans believed that sex (women especially) was just a form of fertility and reproduction; otherwise â€Å"sex was a sin† (Adams, 384). â€Å"American art, like the American language and American education, was as far as possible sexless† (Adams, 385). The only sculptures and paintings of women that Adams viewed with understanding were those like the Virgin Mary, who was always seen as non-sexual. For example, â€Å"America was ashamed of her†¦have strewn fig-leaves so profusely all over her† (Adams, 384). However, during this time of the technology revolution, women were beginning to be viewed differently, especially in Europe. Women were viewed as beautiful and mortal beings. People such as Rodin were representing women in paintings and sculptures sexually. Sex was becoming something more than just a means of reproduction. Suddenly Adams was far, far away from his Puritan custom-bound life. People were no longer motivated by religion, being saved by God, and going to heaven; science, technology, money, and power had taken over the drives of man. Religion (a common â€Å"scale† of the past) had taken the backseat to science, technology, money, power, and the new ideas and art of sex (all new â€Å"scales† of the present and the future). â€Å"In opposition to the medieval Virgin, Adams saw a new godhead-the dynamo-symbol of the modern history†s anarchic energies† (anova.org, 1). Adams desperately wanted to learn about the new world of technology, the â€Å"dynamos†, yet he felt helpless to find this new knowledge and to comprehend it. Adams was overwhelmed by the technology of the dynamos. When Adams saw the dynamo, it became a symbol of the future, of infinity (Adams, 380). â€Å"He began to feel the forty-foot dynamos as a moral force, much as early Christians felt the cross† (Adams, 380). Like the changes in art and sexuality, the technology was overtaking religion. The dynamo, to Adams, has become a symbol of the unknown, of the future without God and religion. This was Adams†s greatest uncertainty; going against all of his past and beliefs and moving on into the unpredictable future. How to cite Education of the Henry Adams, Papers

Marketing and Product free essay sample

Dexit Inc. is a business that focuses on electronic payment systems for retail transactions. The nature of the business would start with purchases and tinkle down to petty cash purchases, pre paid purchases, and electronic purchases (Exhibit 1) . The Dexit platforms run on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. Consumers would use their â€Å"tags† at a retailer store’s terminal. This terminal is linked to Dexit’s server which would be able to read the â€Å"tag†. From here the server will be able to go into the consumer’s prepaid account, which would limit the consumer’s sending to the amount within the account. Even with this broad industry we have are branding themselves as an exclusive e-payment company. The core product for Dexit is convenience for their consumer’s. The actual products are the Dexit tags and Dexit terminals. The two products support one another because without one the other product will not function. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing and Product or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The augmented product would be the potential retail stores that would use the terminals. The augmented product extends the core product in terms of convenience because of accessibility of the tags. Objectives Dexit Inc. Wants to focus on their company image of being a quick and simple e-payment system for both consumers and merchants. That being said, Dexit Inc. main objective is to market their product and actual become a dominant electronic payment company. For us to achieve this objective we would need to view their marketing mix and make decision that would obtain the highest yield. There were attempts of other companies to test out the small purchase tag system. Both of these attempts failed and stopped the program. Furthermore Dexit Inc. wishes to obtain a six per cent of the market within the low-cash value payment industry. From here Dexit wishes to expand the market and want to grow their share to 50 per cent in 4 years. Dexit is expecting that the low value transactions in Canada would grow six per cent on an annual basis. Problem Statement Like mentioned earlier, the main problem for Dexit Inc and their products are to market them to both the consumer’s and merchant segments. This problem can be broken into different part which includes: Price, Promotion, Market, Product, and Place (Distribution). Price With the price section for the problem, we have to decide what we should charge to their consumer and merchant, if there is any. If we opt into charging our consumers and/merchants we would need to decide on how to charge them. The options for us are to charge their consumers a monthly fee, charge the consumers for a set number of transactions, charge their consumers on a per transaction basis, or Dexit can charge a combination of the choice above. For the merchant segment, Dexit can charge a monthly fee or charge merchants per transaction basis. Promotion Market Dexit has to create essentially a target market for both their consumer market and merchant segments. For their consumer market, Dexit has to decide on whether they should segment on a geographic, attitude, work and life styles, income levels or a combination of them. On top of this Dexit has to decide to use either a pull or push strategy for their promotion for our products. We also must consider different stream to promote our product. The streams we considered were: sales promotion, direct marketing and traditional advertising. Under the advertising stream the option we have would be: radio, newspaper, magazines, televisions, billboard, backlit poster boards and portable kiosks. For their merchant segment, we would have to make the choice on which retailers to target. Product Renah and our team are confident with the decision to use RFID technology for the Dexit platform. Renah was wondering if the key chain tag and the terminal was the best system. Renah is concerned if we should implement a card system would be more accepted. Place/Distribution On top of the other issues, we have to also decide on the location in where they will launch our product. This decision can be broken down to either a nationally level or just be subjected to Ontario. If we go with the option of launching this product in Ontario we would have to look at popular areas, i. e. Toronto. To add on we have to decide how to get the tag we manufacture to our consumers. From here we find that Dexit really need to work out a marketing mix that would let us reach our objectives. Internal Analysis When assessing the internal aspects of our company we have to compare the strengths that Dexit possess and the weaknesses. To start off, our product’s offers a simple and quick service for people â€Å"on the go†. So long as there is money on their Dexit account consumer’s can enjoy this feature. Even with the speed of the Dexit tags it is still secure because the tag and terminals will be communicating with the Dexit Servers. Furthermore from the initial stages of the product development to now the company was able to attract two major banks as well as TELUS Mobility. This means we have a strong relationship in terms of distribution of our product. Weaknesses for Dexit would be that they have not created a marketing mix and do not have a target audience we want to market to. This is a huge downfall because we have a product that could be used but do not know where to go from there. External Analysis When assessing the external environment we have to compare the opportunities we have and also the threat that might happen to us. Opportunities for us are that we could potential tap into a growing and more accepting market of direct payments. Because the intent of the tag is for low value purchases it help when we see that the national average value of debit transaction going down. This implies that people are making more purchases but the values of those purchases are low-value. The threats section of this analysis would be hard to analyze because the product has not been released yet. Other companies have created a similar system in which individual can use a prepaid account to make low value purchases. The problem/threat here is that those competitors have failed or canceled the program. PESTE Under this style of analysis we can look at the external factors that would affect our product. To begin with there would be no political regulations to limit our product. This would be a current analysis, and when our product does become successful there would be implementation on our people could load money onto their account. Current economic trends indicate that  consumers are making purchasing more with their debit cards as means for direct payment. The interesting fact is that the average value of each purchase on a national level is decreasing as the years progress. For the social aspect we have different mean to market our product and have access to many multimedia platforms. The technology that we use for our products has been used before in the past by other companies. This technology offers the most secure way for individuals who want to pay for their purchases quickly. The external environment would be related towards the economic trends of direct payment of debit cards. Because the numbers of transactions are increasing on a yearly basis and the amount of the average transaction is decreasing, it indicates that consumers would enjoy this product. Alternatives To mention again, Dexit main objective is to penetrate the market and be able to hit that sic per cent market share by 2003. In order to do we have look at all the options and look at the entire positive and negative aspects of each option. The best way to demonstrate the positive and negative aspects of each option is the break them into each portion for the marketing mix. Market We have to decide on the consumer basis how we should segment this market. The options we have to segment on the basis of: geographic, attitudes, work and lifestyle, and income levels. In order to reach the objective of six percent of the market share we would want to have a good start. Under a geographic approach we can see which province would yield the best results. From the debit direct payment table we can see that from the ten provinces we see that Ontario has the highest payment of 6,551,298 in 2001. From 1999 Ontario increased their direct debit payment by approximately 13 per cent over the two years. Even with the highest number of debit direct payment the province that has the highest overall increase in payment is Newfoundland with and overall change of approximately 17 per cent. We have two choices and currently with Ontario have the highest number of debit payment and Newfoundland having the highest overall change within the years of 1999 to 2001. If we go with the geographic area of Ontario on the basis of having a higher number of debit payment we can penetrate the market and gain a high market influence. That being said we have to also consider that these debit payment can be for large purchases. Dexit’s products are intended for the low-value purchases and are supposed to be used for quick and simple purchases. If majority of the transaction are higher value then the product will not do so well and will receive negative reviews. For Newfoundland we can see that debit direct payments are increase. This means that the community is adjusting to the new technology and it is gaining awareness. This is a positive aspect because if we implement our product earlier on while the market is growing we can gain awareness and it is more likely to hit our objective. The problem is the number of transactions and our first objective. With number of transaction for debit direct payment is 250,010 it would be hard for use to gain a six per cent market share. As the market is growing it is likely we would obtain the 50 per cent market share by 2007. On a national level we can see that Canada as a whole is accepting the debit direct payment. The overall change is approximately 12. 5 per cent from 1999 to 2001. On top of this the total number of debit direct payment has reached 17,635,731. If we go for the national level for our product we have better exposure for our product. The same problem occurs when compared to the other geographic location; we don’t know how big these purchases are. If majority are large value purchases, the consumers would want to take their time when paying for it. It basically contradicts what the product intended use is. Under the attitudes demographic it would hard to single it out and get enough information about this segment. We would have to tie this with the market segment and look at what the trends are on both a national and provincial level. On the national level we see that the market is more willing/accepting with the debit direct payments. Overall each province is increasing the number of direct debit payment. So even on a provincial level we know that the province is accepting. Again we have to reflect on how big these purchases are. If most of the payments are high value payment then Dexit’s product isn’t going to do well. The work and lifestyle segment is more appealing to Dexit as a market segment because it is geared toward the features of the product. If the lifestyle of our consumers is always on the run then our product is perfect. With the quick and easy use of just tapping the tag on the terminal the consumer can leave in seconds. And as the economy is growing the working industry is getting bigger. With limited time for breaks, consumers want to make their purchases and move on with their day. The negative side of this is that consumers have to have time to add funds to their Dexit account. Dexit’s product should not be affected with the income levels of the consumer’s heavily. This is because the consumer’s have the power to add as much as they need onto their Dexit prepaid account. The only aspect that would affect this segment is the fee that we could charge. If we go for a charge for the account then it would turn down some consumer’s. Promotion The current options for the promotion is to use wither a pull or push strategy. This would be in regards how we would promote our product. The streams we can go for include: radio, newspaper, magazines, television, billboard, backlit posters, and portable kiosks. Looking at the overall strategy we have to compare where the company is and which strategy would be in the best interest for us. Using a push strategy we would be forcing the consumers to get interested into our product. This would be in terms of guerilla marketing and basically surrounding the consumer with our product. With the pull strategy we would be showing the key features of our products that would appeal toward the consumers. Rather than forcing our product we would be creating an interest within the market. With the radio aspect we can appeal to a lot of consumer that would fall into the lifestyle segment. The radio advertisement would run for 30 seconds and be during the rush hour time slot. The costs of the radio advertisement are subjected by city. For Toronto it would cost $250, Montreal is for $175 and finally Vancouver is for $175 as well. With the cost being low and market exposure at the greatest this is the best for our product. During rush hour we can appeal to the work and lifestyle segment. Consumers who are busy most of the time will be hard to advertise to; with the radio ad we would be able to get our information of our product out. The concern here is that the radio ad would be appealing towards individual who listen to the radio (i. e. within a car or have a radio). On top of this rush hour can cause stress for individual and might not pay attention to the radio advertisement. The next alternative for the promotional aspect are newspaper. This advertisement would be half a page long. The cost for this would be $15 000, $7 500, and $15 000 for Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver respectively. These costs are very high but again we would be applying toward very popular newspapers. The positive aspects of this option would be that Dexit would be gaining a lot of market exposure because the newspapers’ we are applying for are very well known. Because of this is has a negative aspect as well because of the cost associated to the prestige of the newspaper. The same positive and negative aspect would also apply to magazines as well. The only additional negative aspect is that the magazine would be geared towards only certain people who subscribe with that magazine. The next option would be to air an ad under a local television channel. The television ad would run for 30 seconds and would air around a prime time spot. With this we would be able to appeal to the mass majority of people who would view the local channel. The bonus is that the ad would also run on prime time so we know that many individual would be watching. The negative aspect for this ad is the cost. Dexit is low on cash and needs to put this money in the best way possible to market the product. Because of this the cost associated with this option is rather expensive. Current cost would be $15 000, $10 000, $12 000 for Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver respectively. The next option is to use poster around various locations. We have two options in where one option would give us 60 sites/locations while the other would give 8 locations where we can post the posters. Both options would be for the duration of 1 week. For the subway poster the cost would be $5,300 for all three locations. The subway poster would give us the best market exposure because of the multiple sites and the duration of the ad. For street posters we might not get the numerous location but we compensate it for the high volume. The cost for the subway options would be $4,000 for the duration of a week as well. Finally the last option is to promote using kiosks in which we have the option for either an indoor kiosk or an outdoor kiosk. The main difference between the two options is the rent in which the indoor option would cost us $5,000 while $10,000 for the outdoor option. The cost for employing 2 staff would be the same of $2,000. The positive side of these options is that the staff would be trained in how to sell the product. For the indoor option it is assumed that we would be in malls which would have high traffic. Outdoor exposure would be a little harder because most of the traffic would be hard to grab their attention. Place/Distribution Under this aspect we have to see where to launch the product, whether it is on a national, provincial, or municipal level. Going back to the demographics on how the attitudes on using a direct debit payment we can see the same trends apply here as well. We can use the same numbers and get the same analysis from our market section. We see that people are using this method of direct payment. Ontario has the highest number of payment while Newfoundland has the highest change in percentage. Again we have to look at what kind of spending for these payments are dominant. Price Under the price category we need to view on how we (if we) charge our consumers and retailers. The options laid out for consumers are that we charge them for a preset number of transactions, charge them a monthly rate, charge the consumers for each transaction, make a combination of the above or do not charge them. For the merchants the same options except for the preset number of transactions. Under the consumers section of this category any charge would be view negatively. This is because they would need to pay for the service of cutting the wait time when they could use a debit/credit card for just a few more seconds. Because the structure is using a prepaid system there would only be the marginal benefit of the quick access. This would apply for any option of charging the consumer. The merchant on the other hand is the one who should receive the charge because the prepaid system is similar to debit and credit cards. The monthly fee would entail a benefit for the retailers because they will not getting charged on a per transaction use. For the bigger retailers that have many transactions this would become cost efficient. On the other hand, the smaller retailers would want to go for the number of transactions because it would cost them less. This option would really depend on the number of transactions the retailer does. And can reflect on how many retailers would want our terminals. Product In addition to the tag system that Dexit implemented we would also like to consider a card like system as well. The main concern was the safety/security of the tag system. Because there is no PIN required, anyone can steal the tag and use it with any machines. On top of this, because the system uses a prepaid structure the consumer is putting their own money into the account. If we go and add the card system along with the tag it affects the image of the company. The whole reason Dexit initiated was because we wanted a quick and easy way to do low level purchases. With a card system being introduced it takes away from the company image of being quick and easy. On the flip side we want do not want to compensate security for quick purchases and introducing a card system would invite consumer to test us out. Even looking at each option individually, Dexit still needs to look at marketing mix options. The first option would include targeting consumer on a geographic basis so that we can go after either a) the province with the highest number of transaction or b) the province with the highest percentage change. Depending on which section Dexit choose it would create a different promotional ad. Under section a) Dexit would want to use a pull strategy so that they create a need for the product. For that reason, the best option would be to use guerilla marketing and go for the local television and subway posters. This would be able to get the mass majority of people Dexit wishes to target. For section b) the promotion would be changed to kiosks and posters, this is because the idea of direct payment is still earlier and with the kiosk we can create more awareness of our product so it is more accepting later on. For both options we would charge the retailers a monthly rate much like debit and credit card companies. On top of this we could go after a national level or provincial level depending on which section we go with. We would still stick with the current tag and terminal system. The second option would be focuses on the work and lifestyle of the consumers. Under this option the promotional ads changes to one with radio and local television. This is because for the market we are targeting are individuals who are busy and on the go. As such they will not have time to look at posters or stop by kiosks. We can implement the other promotional ads later on during the product life cycle. We would go after a push strategy and get retailer to move the products towards the consumers. Initially we would not charge either the consumers or retailers because we want to create awareness of the product. Later on we can charge the retailers a monthly rate. This option we would want to keep the current product because of the busy schedule of our consumers. With the tag system we can give consumers the quick service they want. We would want to apply this marketing mix toward a highly dense city and in this case it would be Toronto because of all the provinces Ontario has the highest number of transaction of debit direct payments. On top of this the advertisement we chose pertain to the Toronto city. The third marketing mix would be going after the attitude of consumers towards the security of the tag system. As a result the product we want to release would be the card system. From previous companies releasing the similar system it seems that the industry is not ready for the tag system. With the card system being implemented it gives consumers more security but as a result it takes away from the quick and easy feature that the company is trying to strive for. Recommendation Upon analysis of the alternative the best marketing mix would be to go after the work and lifestyle marketing mix. This is because it appeals towards the company image of quick and easy purchases. Because of the busy schedule of our target market we would promote using radio and television ads. This is because the only time these consumers have would be either at home watching television or during rush hour listening to the radio. On top of this we would implement a push strategy and get the retailer to push the product. As a result we would not charge the retailers initially because we want them to promote the product. Once the product pickups we can then start charging a monthly rate. We would benchmark our price lower then debit and credit cards so more retailers would want our terminals. We would want to go for Ontario as the place of distribution because of the high number direct payments. The reason we went with this option is because the high number transaction would have a greater chance for the first objective of six per cent. As a contingency plan if the market doesn’t respond well with the tag system we would start the card system. This would give the market the idea that Dexit is concerned about security and still want to promote fast service.